Tacit in the language of the DOL’s proposed prudence safe harbor requirement that a fiduciary “read and critically review” the investment documents supporting a broad range of often commonplace DC investments is, I would think, the implication that the documents provided to the fiduciary should, indeed, be “readable.”

There are really two different types of…

The DOL’s proposed prudence safe harbor regulations have pretty much made it “table stakes” for some responsible person somewhere to read and understand any annuity contracts on behalf of the plan which are provided as part of any DC lifetime income program. This means, of course, you have to first know where those annuities are…

This topic has never been one that has much concerned either analysts or operators of programs which involve the purchase by a DC plan of an annuity contract. This one has always been in the purview of the engineer-those insurance legal and compliance folks who have well established procedures to deal with each state’s insurance…


One of the key fiduciary roles in the assessment of any DC lifetime income program process necessarily involves whether, and how, the plan or the vendor accommodates any required spousal consent rules related to the payout of annuities.

The vast majority of the defined contribution plans comply with ERISA and the Code’s spousal consent rules…

AI’s limitations became pretty apparent after yet another delightful and “robust,” shall we say, conversation with an old friend, an economist, about intriguing ideas on how to universally effectuate, accumulate and port lifetime income guarantees derived from employment. That conversation got granular, as it often does, with voices raising over details of certain innovative infrastructure…

“No Duh!”was my favorite response by a colleague to the DOL’s alt asset proposed regulation, which is replete with references to the need of the fiduciary adviser to “read and critically review” the core documents of any of a plan’s investments. That proposed reg does grant plan sponsors some grace, only requiring that they (who…

The DOL’s most recent advisory opinion, 2025-04, helpfully affirms two separate legal principles upon which many of the defined contribution lifetime income programs being offered in the market currently rely. The AO is also very useful in the manner in which DOL describes one very specific program, the LIS program offered by Alliance Bernstein, offering…